第四章 环烃(ⅱ)-芳香烃新（The fourth chapter hydroearbon (II) - new aromatic hydrocarbon）.docVIP

第四章 环烃(ⅱ)-芳香烃新（The fourth chapter hydroearbon (II) - new aromatic hydrocarbon） This article is contributed by ink Meng Ppt documents may experience poor browsing on the WAP side. It is recommended that you first select TXT, or download the source file to the local view. The fourth chapter, aromatic hydrocarbons Aromatic hydrocarbons refer to hydrocarbons in aromatic compounds, or aromatics. According to whether aromatic hydrocarbons contain benzene ring, aromatic hydrocarbons are divided into benzene and non benzene aromatics. According to the number of benzene rings in the molecule, aromatics are classified into single ring aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Kekule structure structure of benzene, a single aromatic ring 1. of benzene 1825 benzene was isolated, molecular formula C6H6 and benzene bromine addition, nor by KMnO4 oxidation, but can occur in the presence of catalyst substitution reaction, and a substitute of only one yuan. In 1865, Kekul, a German chemist, creatively proposed a ring structure of benzene Many problems cannot be explained Modern concept of benzene molecular structure Six carbon atoms are coplanar, six carbon atoms are coplanar, the bond angle is 120 degrees, and the bond lengths are equal. The lengths of the keys are equal. SP2 hybridization, 6 C-C 6 C-H sigma sigma bond, bond length equal bond lengths are equal between single and double bonds Nomenclature of 2. single ring aromatic hydrocarbons CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 1, 2- xylene (o- or o-xylene) CH3 1, 3- xylene (m- or xylene) CH (CH3) 2 1, 4- xylene (p- or p-xylene) CH3 Cumene CH3CHCH2CHCH3 CH3 CH2CH=CH2 2- methyl -4- phenyl pentane CH3 3- phenyl propylene CH3, C=C, C, 2H5, H C (CH3) 3 4- tert butyl toluene E-2-, phenyl, -2-, amyl Aryl: Ar benzyl: Phenyl: C6H5-, Ph CH2- 3. the physical properties of single ring aromatic hydrocarbons are generally colorless liquid, lighter than water, insoluble in water, soluble in general organic solven