青少年锻炼习惯的养成机制及影响因素.PDFVIP

第 18 卷第 3 期 体 育 学 刊 Vol.18 No.3 2011 年 5 月 Journal of Physical Education M a y . 2 0 1 1 青少年锻炼习惯的养成机制及影响因素 乔玉成18 （山西师范大学体育学院，山西 临汾 041000 ） 摘 要：针对目前青少年锻炼习惯难以养成问题，对既往“锻炼习惯养成”的概念、判断标 准、养成机制、制约因素、养成策略等方面的研究进行梳理，提出青少年锻炼习惯“养成”的关 键是环境润育、制度他律和主体自律。而养成策略在于建设锻炼习惯养成的环境条件，营造良好 的体育锻炼氛围，严格按照规章制度督导青少年去执行，最终促使青少年锻炼意识、兴趣、积极 态度和自律行为的形成。 关 键 词：社会体育；锻炼习惯；养成教育；青少年 中图分类号：G80-05 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2011)03-0087-08 Forming mechanism and affecting factors of exercising habits of teenagers QIAO Yu-cheng （School of Physical Education，Shanxi Normal University，Linfen 041000 ，China ） Abstract: Aiming at the problem that it is nowadays difficult for teenagers to form an exercising habit, the author carried out systematic collation on previous researches on the concept, judgment standard, mechanism, restriction factors and strategies of “exercising habit formation”, and put forward that the keys for teenagers to form an exer- cising habit are environmental nourishment, institutional discipline and self discipline, while formation strategies are to create environmental conditions for exercising habit formation, to build a good physical exercising atmos- phere, to supervise teenagers to follow rules and regulations strictly, and to ultimately promote the formation of teenagers’ exercising awareness, interest, positive attitude and self discipline behaviors. Key words: social sports ；exercising habit ；formation education ；teenagers “培养学生体育锻炼的意识，促使锻炼习惯的形 不够深入、细致。研究中谈论“原则要求”的多，研 成”既是九年制义务教育体育教学大纲的教学目标， 究“如何做”的少；谈论他律的多，谈论自律的少， 也是中共中央、国务院颁布