Chapter2线极化微带贴片天线分析.ppt

Chapter 2 Linear Polarized MPA The simplest microstip patch configuration is undoubtedly the rectangular MPA. When the patch is excited by a feed, a charge distribution is established on the underside of the patch metallization and the ground plane. Rectangular patch antennas can be designed by using a transmission-line model suitable for moderate bandwidth antennas. Patches with bandwidths of less than 1% or greater than 4% require a cavity analysis for accurate results, but the transmission line model covers most designs. The lowest-order mode, TM10, resonates when the effective length across the patch is a half-wavelength. Radiation occurs from the fringing fields. These fields extend the effective open circuit (magnetic wall) beyond the edge. The extension is given by The microstrip patch antennas are narrow-band resonant antennas. They are termed lossy cavities. Therefore, the cavity model becomes a natural choice to analyze the patch antennas Example1 Design a square microstrip patch antenna at 10 GHz on a 1.588 mm substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.2. The patch will be approximately a half-wavelength long in the dielectric. In some applications, a circular patch fits in the available space better than a rectangular one. In a triangularly spaced array, they maintain a more uniform element environment. No suitable transmission-line model presents itself, and the cavity model must determine the resonant frequency and bandwidth. The patch with its magnetic walls and TM modes is the dual of the waveguide. The resonant frequencies are given by Substrate selection and disk radius Input Impedance Radiation patterns Radiation resistance, quality factor Impedance bandwidth Example Design a circular microstrip patch antenna (TM11 mode) at 3 GHz on a 1.6mm substrate that has a dielectric constant of 2.55 (woven Teflon fiberglass). The physical radius will be slightly less. 2 : 1 VSWR bandwidth of circular microstrip patches versus substrate thickn