ManagerialPsychology分析.docx

Managerial Psychology Different lenses/different questions How? Individual processes (intra)Helps us understand how people are experiencing the problem or issue, and how are they (likely to) respond? Who? Individual differences (inter)What stable individual characteristics of are contributing to peoples experience and responses? When? Where? Group processes (intra and inter)What characteristics of the situation are contributing to peoples experience and responses? Intra-individual processes Information processingWhat are people paying attention to, thinking about, and remembering for later? Affective processing How people make sense of their feelings AttributionHow people make sense of other peoples behaviour and their own Individual differences The stable (dispositional) differences between people that impact: Cognition and affect Responses to situations So how do people actually differ? Personality: reflects differences in the way people behave, experience, and understand the world Intelligence: reflects differences in the speed and ways in which information is processed Character: reflects differences in what people care about or value Key general questions What are the primary dimensions that describe stable differences between people? Why do people differ on those dimensions? Individual differences as traits and dispositions Behaviour is caused by underlying traits that are: Stable across time and situations Unique to the individual Difficult to change Strength of situation influences how much our traits influence our behaviour Trait structure Level 1: Basic traits Level 2: Characteristic adaptationsLevel 3: Personal life story/ identities Traits we will look at today Personality traits Values Personality What is personality? Can it be measured? When does it influence our behaviour? Personality is a set of traits, characteristics, and predispositions of a person How would you describe your own personality in one word? Personality theories Cognitive theory: peop