专四语法讲解(定语从句名词性从句)分析.ppt

定 语 从 句 Attributive Clause 1. 定语从句的句法特点及关系代词、副词： 　　用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词(有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分)而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。 关系代词：who, whom, whose, that, which, as 关系副词：when, where, why 1. I have never been to London, but that is the city _____.(97, 50) A. where I like to visit most B. I’d most like to visit C. which I like to visit mostly D. where I’d like most to visit [B] 2. I’d never been to Lhasa, but that’s the city _____. (99, 47） A. I’d most like to visit B. which I like to visit mostly C. where I like to visit D. I’d like much to visit [A] 2. 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词在从句中分别表示时间、地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。 We’ll never forget the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. I know the reason why she studies so well. This is the room where he put up for the night. 真题举例 1. Have you ever been in a situation _____ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him? (02, 54) A. by which B. that C. in where D. where [D] 2. She remembered several occasions in the past _____ she had experienced a similar feeling. (98, 42) A. which B. before C. that D. when [D] that有时可以代替关系副词 when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间、地点或原因。在that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。 Every time (that/when) the telephone rings, he goes nervous. His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.　 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 3. 限制性和非限制性定语从句 1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如： This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性) The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。(非限制性) 2)非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如： He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。 真题举例 1. We’ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, _____ should make great differen