从礼貌理论研究中英寒暄语文化起源.doc

从礼貌理论研究中英寒暄语文化起源摘 要：随着全球化进程的推进，跨文化交际活动变得愈加频繁与重要。作为社交言语的重要组成部分，寒暄语成为当今社会热门话题，且不同文化有不同寒暄语这一现象已为人熟知。然而虽然在翻译理论研究领域这一现象已被深入讨论，针对该现象在文化起源方面的深入探讨确实少之又少。从礼貌理论角度出发分析中英寒暄语差异的文化原因，并指出中英对于“脸面”的不同态度正是差异的决定因素。 关键词：寒暄语；文化；礼貌理论 中图分类号：H0 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-291X（2012）12-0238-02 一、Introduction Phatic communion is an informal type of discourse that does not cover any functional topics of conversation or any transactions which need to be addressed. It is universal and exists both in eastern and western culture. Although seeming to have little useful purpose，phatic communion is a bonding ritual and a strategy for managing impersonal distance. Different nations and countries have different ways to perform the phatic communion，and the cultural reason is that different civilization has different ethnical characteristics. As a carrier of culture，speech manifests this difference most. And analyzing and explaining the phatic communion from the view of “face” is the primary approach in the pragmatics. The politeness theory established by Brown and Levinson is the most influential one. 二、A Comparison between English and Chinese phatic communion Phatic communion rules and topics can differ widely between cultures. Questions about the family are usual in some Asian and Arab countries，while weather is a common topic in regions where the climate has great variation and can be unpredictable，such as England. 1.English Phatic Communion In English-speaking communities，besides the commonly-used greeting words such as“hello”，the selected topic of phatic communion usually depends on any pre-existing relationship between the two people，as well as the circumstances of the conversation. In either case，someone initiating phatic communion will tend to choose a topic for which they can assume shared background knowledge，to prevent the conversation being too one-sided. And the level of detail offered should not overstep the bounds of interpersonal space. There are some common topics: