桉树人工林生物多样性及林农复合栽培技术研究.pdfVIP

桉树人工林生物多样性与林农复合栽培技术研究 1 2 莫晓勇 余雪标 （1. 华南农业大学林学院，广东 广州 510642；2.海南大学环境与植物保护学院，海南 儋州 571737 ） 摘要：桉树已作为热带地区最主要的人工林树种。针对桉树的发展，学术界引发了许多争论。本文对桉树人工林 生物多样性及林农复合栽培技术研究进行探讨。随林龄增大，桉树人工林下植被物种丰富度降低，多样性下降， 生物量减少。造林密度增加，物种丰富度降低，多样性降低。随连栽代次增加，林下植被生物量和物种多样性下 降，但不能成为林地生产力下降的理由。所研究的桉树林农间作复合系统桉树测方光照强，桉树遮光对间作作物 影响不大，地温降低效应和防风效应明显，具有一定的降温、增湿作用，本系统的小气候效应，除光照外，其他 小气候条件对间作作物和桉树的生长较为有利。通过分析，株距、带距对按树生长的多个指标有显著的影响。大 宽行条带桉农间作的合理模式应该是：桉树条带带距为 12-14m,株距 0.8-1m，间作物在 1-2 年主要考虑在夏、秋 季节生长的农作物，3-6 年应主要选择牧草。林农间作复合系统使林地生产力大幅度提高。 关键词：桉树人工林；生物多样性；混农林业；林地生产力 Research on the biodiversity and agroforestry of Eucalyptus Plantation Mo Xiaoyong , Yu Xuebiao Abstract: eucalyptus has been a main species of forest plantation in tropical area focus on eucalyptus development, there were many contention in academic circle. this paper makes a review about some disputed problems of eucalyptus plantation. The results showed that the individual tree biomass and the standing biomass of the differert rotations decreased with the Continuous Planting Rotation(CPR)increasing, the mean root biomass of individual tree and the density of root biomass decreased still with CPR increasing. The impact of shading by eucalyptus on crops is not obvious, significant ground temperature and wind resistance effect have observed in this interplant system, the illumination under woods increased largely,and this land has more humidity and lower temperature. The microclimate effect of this system is benefit to both the eucalyptus and the crops. Different row and tree distance have obvious influence on