from geophysics to microgeophysics for engineering and cultural heritage从地球物理学microgeophysics工程和文化遗产.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Geophysics Volume 2011, Article ID 428412, 8 pages doi:10.1155/2011/428412 Research Article From Geophysics to Microgeophysics for Engineering and Cultural Heritage P. L. Cosentino, P. Capizzi, R. Martorana, P. Messina, and S. Schiavone Dipartimento delle Scienze della Terra e del Mare, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy Correspondence should be addressed to P. L. Cosentino, pietro.cosentino@unipa.it Received 16 February 2011; Accepted 25 March 2011 Academic Editor: Francesco Soldovieri Copyright © 2011 P. L. Cosentino et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The methodologies of microgeophysics have been derived from the geophysical ones, for the sake of solving specific diagnostic and/or monitoring problems regarding civil engineering and cultural heritage studies. Generally, the investigations are carried out using different 2D and 3D tomographic approaches as well as different energy sources: sonic and ultrasonic waves, electromagnetic (inductive and impulsive) sources, electric potential fields, and infrared emission. Many efforts have been made to modify instruments and procedures in order to improve the resolution of the surveys as well as to significantly reduce the time of the measurements without any loss of information. This last point has been achieved by using multichannel systems. Finally, some applications are presented, and the results seem to be very promising and promote this new branch of geophysics. Therefore, these methodologies can be used even more to diagnose, monitor, and safeguard not only engineering buil