-approximately contractible banach algebras大约可收缩的巴拿赫代数.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Abstract and Applied Analysis Volume 2012, Article ID 653140, 20 pages doi:10.1155/2012/653140 Research Article σ-Approximately Contractible Banach Algebras M. Momeni,1 T. Yazdanpanah,2 and M. R. Mardanbeigi1 1 Department of Mathematics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Tehran 1477893855, Iran 2 Department of Mathematics, Persian Gulf University, Boushehr 75169, Iran Correspondence should be addressed to M. Momeni, srb.maryam@ Received 9 March 2012; Accepted 25 May 2012 Academic Editor: Qiji J. Zhu Copyright q 2012 M. Momeni et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. We investigate σ-approximate contractibility and σ-approximate amenability of Banach algebras, which are extensions of usual notions of contractibility and amenability, respectively, where σ is a dense range or an idempotent bounded endomorphism of the corresponding Banach algebra. 1. Introduction For a Banach algebra A, an A-bimodule will always refer to a Banach A-bimodule X, that is, a Banach space which is algebraically an A-bimodule, and for which there is a constant c ≥ 0 such that for a ∈ A, x ∈ X, we have a · x ≤ c a x , x · a ≤ c a x . 1.1 A derivation D : A → X is a linear map, always taken to be continuous, satisfying D ab D a · b a · D b a, b ∈ A . 1.2 A Banach algebra A is amenable if for any A-bimodule X, any derivati