artificial specific binders directly recovered from chemically modified nucleic acid libraries人工特定绑定直接从化学改性核酸库中恢复过来.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Nucleic Acids Volume 2012, Article ID 156482, 13 pages doi:10.1155/2012/156482 Review Article Artificial Specific Binders Directly Recovered from Chemically Modified Nucleic Acid Libraries Yuuya Kasahara and Masayasu Kuwahara Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan Correspondence should be addressed to Masayasu Kuwahara, mkuwa@gunma-u.ac.jp Received 8 July 2012; Accepted 19 August 2012 Academic Editor: Hiroshi Murakami Copyright © 2012 Y. Kasahara and M. Kuwahara. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Specific binders comprised of nucleic acids, that is, RNA/DNA aptamers, are attractive functional biopolymers owing to their potential broad application in medicine, food hygiene, environmental analysis, and biological research. Despite the large number of reports on selection of natural DNA/RNA aptamers, there are not many examples of direct screening of chemically modified nucleic acid aptamers. This is because of (i) the inferior efficiency and accuracy of polymerase reactions involving transcription/reverse- transcription of modified nucleotides compared with those of natural nucleotides, (ii) technical difficulties and additional time and effort required when using modified nucleic acid libraries, and (iii) ambiguous efficacies of chemical modifications in binding properties until recently; in contrast, the effects of chemical modifications on biostability are well studied using various nucleotide analogs. Although reports on the direct screening of a modified nucleic acid library remain in the minority,