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Comparative and Functional Genomics Comp Funct Genom 2003; 4: 133–141. Published online in Wiley InterScience (). DOI: 10.1002/cfg.233 Conference Review Building ontologies in DAML + OIL Robert Stevens*, Chris Wroe, Sean Bechhofer, Phillip Lord, Alan Rector and Carole Goble Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK *Correspondence to: Abstract Robert Stevens, Department of Computer Science, University of In this article we describe an approach to representing and building ontologies Manchester, Oxford Road, advocated by the Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics groups at the University Manchester M13 9PL, UK. of Manchester. The hand-crafting of ontologies offers an easy and rapid avenue to E-mail: delivering ontologies. Experience has shown that such approaches are unsustainable. robert.stevens@cs.man.ac.uk Description logic approaches have been shown to offer computational support for building sound, complete and logically consistent ontologies. A new knowledge representation language, DAML + OIL, offers a new standard that is able to support many styles of ontology, from hand-crafted to full logic-based descriptions with reasoning support. We describe this language, the OilEd editing tool, reasoning support and a strategy for the language’s use. We finish with a current example, in the Gene Ontology Next Generation (GONG) project, that uses DAML + OIL as the basis for moving the Gene Ontology from its current hand-crafted, form to one