comparison of the groundwater quality in the west tahta area, upper egypt in 1989 and 2011比较西方tahta地区地下水水质,上埃及在1989年和2011年.pdfVIP

Journal of Environmental Protection, 2012, 3, 1442-1457 /10.4236/jep.2012.311162 Published Online November 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jep) Comparison of the Groundwater Quality in the West Tahta Area, Upper Egypt in 1989 and 2011 1,2 3 1 1 Ismail Esam , Faid Abdalla , Niesner Erich , Mauritsch Hermann 1Department of Applied Geoscience and Geophysics, Montan University, Leoben, Austria; 2Department of Geology, Faculty of Sci- ence, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt; 3National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), Cairo, Egypt. Email: esamismail79@ Received February 22nd, 2012; revised July 8th, 2012; accepted August 17th, 2012 ABSTRACT Egypt is characterized by arid climate with rare rainfall that means surface water. The River Nile is the main source of water supply. The study area is located in Upper Egypt in the western desert. The area under investigation is subjected to intensive development in the last twenty years, clearly seen in the change of the agriculture and urban areas. The rapid increase of the population in Egypt especially in the upper part leads to an increasing demand for houses on the old cultivated land lead to the migration towards the desert and reclaimed new areas. These new reclaimed areas are depending on the ground water. The extensive use of groundwater and increasing fertilizing system leads to the change of the water table, characterization and quality. In this study we use the analysis of 30 groundwater samples collected and analyzed in 1989 and 28 groundwater samples collected and analyzed in 2011 from the same area to identify the change in the quality of the ground water. According the hydrogeologic data which were collected from the study area in 1989 and 2011 we found a changing water table decreasing, from 1 to 48 m in 1989 and 5 to 60 m in 201. The water level is decreasing in the same di