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IJMMS 2003:28, 1803–1806 PII. S0161171203209108 © Hindawi Publishing Corp. DERIVATIONS ON BANACH ALGEBRAS S. HEJAZIAN and S. TALEBI Received 12 September 2002 Let D be a derivation on a Banach algebra; by using the operator D 2 , we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the separating ideal of D to be nilpotent. We also introduce an ideal M(D) and apply it to find out more equivalent conditions for the continuity of D and for nilpotency of its separating ideal. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 46H40, 47B47. 1. Introduction. Let A be a Banach algebra. By a derivation on A, we mean a linear mapping D : A → A, which satisfies D(ab) = aD(b) +D(a)b for all a and b in A. The separating space of D is the set S(D) = a ∈ A : ∃ an ⊂ A; an → 0, D an → a . (1.1) The set S(D) is a closed ideal of A which, by the closed-graph theorem, is zero if and only if D is continuous. Definition 1.1. A closed ideal J of A is said to be a separating ideal if, for each sequence {an } in A, there is a natural N such that Jan ···a1 = JaN ···a1 (n ≥ N). (1.2) The separating space of a derivation on A is a separating ideal [2, Chapter 5]; it also satisfies the same property for the left products. The following assertions are of the most famous conjectures about deriva- tions on Banach algebras: (C1) every derivation on a Banach algebra has a nilpotent separating ideal; (C2) every derivation on a semiprime Banach algebra is continuous; (C3) every derivation on a prime Banach algebra is continuous; (C4) every derivation on a Banach algebra leaves each primitive ideal invari-