diffusive instability in a prey-predator system with time-dependent diffusivity扩散的捕食者-食饵系统时变扩散系数不稳定.pdfVIP

IJMMS 2003:66, 4195–4203 PII. S0161171203207274 © Hindawi Publishing Corp. DIFFUSIVE INSTABILITY IN A PREY-PREDATOR SYSTEM WITH TIME-DEPENDENT DIFFUSIVITY RAKHI BHATTACHARYYA, BANIBRATA MUKHOPADHYAY, and MALAY BANDYOPADHYAY Received 20 July 2002 An ecological model for prey-predator planktonic species has been considered, in which the growth of prey has been assumed to follow a Holling type II function. The model consists of two reaction-diffusion equations and we extend it to time- varying diffusivity for plankton population. A comparative study of local stability in case of constant diffusivity and time varying diffusivity has been performed. It has been found that the system would be more stable with time varying diffusivity depending upon the values of system parameter. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 37G15. 1. Introduction. In 1952, Turing [ 10] proposed a diffusion-reaction theory of morphogenesis on the basis of well-known laws of physical chemistry. This concept has been extended to develop the theory of biological pattern for- mation. In an ecological context, Segel and Jackson [8] were the first to ap- ply Turing’s model to predator-prey system. Since then, diffusive instability has been playing an important role in the study of ecosystem [4, 5, 6]. In the above-mentioned studies, the considered system parameters are all time- independent and the ratio of diffusivities of predator and prey beyond a criti- cal value determines the diffusive instability of the system. In case of oceanic diffusion, the diffusivities can vary with time. Horizontal currents in the sea depend upon the depth of the sea. Due to the mixing process of these hori- zontal currents with the vertical currents, horizontal dispersion occurs [2]. As a re