dimensional reduction of nonlinear time delay systems维减少非线性时间延迟系统.pdfVIP

DIMENSIONAL REDUCTION OF NONLINEAR TIME DELAY SYSTEMS M. S. FOFANA Received 17 October 2002 and in revised form 15 June 2003 Whenever there is a time delay in a dynamical system, the study of stability becomes an infinite-dimensional problem. The centre manifold theorem, together with the classical Hopf bifurcation, is the most valuable approach for simplifying the infinite-dimensional problem without the assumption of small time delay. This dimensional reduction is il- lustrated in this paper with the delay versions of the Duffing and van der Pol equations. For both nonlinear delay equations, transcendental characteristic equations of linearized stability are examined through Hopf bifurcation. The infinite-dimensional nonlinear so- lutions of the delay equations are decomposed into stable and centre subspaces, whose respective dimensions are determined by the linearized stability of the transcendental equations. Linear semigroups, infinitesimal generators, and their adjoint forms with bi- linear pairings are the additional candidates for the infinite-dimensional reduction. 1. Introduction Time delay problems are frequently encountered in control devices (see [4, 5]), machine- tool chatter (see [2, 7, 15, 17]), and building structures subject to earthquakes (see [16]). Delay differential equations (DDEs) are generally the best choice over ordinary differen- tial equations for the study of stability of the occurring dynamics. Suppose a dynamical system with a time delay is described by DDEs of the form ¨ ˙ 2 2 x (t) + 2δω0x (t) + ω x (t) + ω µ x (t) + x (t − τ ) = 0, (1.1) 0 0 where the real values δ, ω0 are the damping factor and natural frequency with δ = c/2√mk and ω0 = √k/m, where m is the model mass, c and k are the viscous damping and stiffness coefficients, respectively. We define µ