efficacy of biological control and cultivar resistance on fusarium head blight and t-2 toxin contamination in wheat功效的生物防治和品种抗镰刀菌素头上枯萎在小麦和2毒素污染.pdfVIP

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efficacy of biological control and cultivar resistance on fusarium head blight and t-2 toxin contamination in wheat功效的生物防治和品种抗镰刀菌素头上枯萎在小麦和2毒素污染.pdf

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efficacy of biological control and cultivar resistance on fusarium head blight and t-2 toxin contamination in wheat功效的生物防治和品种抗镰刀菌素头上枯萎在小麦和2毒素污染

American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2012, 3, 599-607 599 /10.4236/ajps.2012.35073 Published Online May 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/ajps) Efficacy of Biological Control and Cultivar Resistance on Fusarium Head Blight and T-2 Toxin Contamination in Wheat 1 2* 2 3 Scholastica Leah Musyimi , James Wanjohi Muthomi , Rama Devi Narla , John Maina Wagacha 1Ministry of Agriculture, Nairobi, Kenya; 2Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; 3School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya. * Email: james_wanjohi@ Received December 26th, 2011; revised January 19th, 2012; accepted February 16th, 2012 ABSTRACT Laboratory and green house experiments were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of fungicides, biological agents and host resistance in managing FHB and the associated T-2 toxin. In vitro activity of fungicides and antagonists was de- termined by paired culture method. Effect of microbial agents on FHB severity and mycotoxin content was determined by co-inoculating F. graminearum and F. poae with Alternaria spp., Epicoccum spp. and Trichoderma spp. Fungicides Pearl® (500 g/L carbendazim), Cotaf® (50 g/L hexaconacole), Thiovit® (micronised sulphur 80% w/w) and Folicur® (430 g/L tebuconazole) were the standard checks. Host resistance was determined by inoculating F. poae and F. graminearum to four wheat cultivars and fifteen lines in pot experiments. Fungicides resulted in 100% inhibition of pathogen radial growth in in vitro while microbial agents suppressed pathogen growth by up to 53%. Thiovit® and Trichoderma were the most effect