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SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research International Journal of Nephrology Volume 2011, Article ID 893985, 3 pages doi:10.4061/2011/893985 Case Report A Complex Renal Cyst: It Is Time to Call the Oncologist? Antonio Granata,1 Antonio Basile,1 Giuseppe Alessandro Bruno,1 Alberto Saita,1 Mario Falsaperla,1 Michele Figuera,1 Maurizio Gallieni,2 and Fulvio Floccari3 1 Departments of Nephrology, Dialysis, Urology, and Radiology, AOU “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, Catania, Italy 2 Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, San Paolo Hospital and DMCO, University of Milano, Italy 3 Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, San Paolo Hospital, Civitavecchia, Italy Correspondence should be addressed to Antonio Granata, antonio.granata4@tin.it Received 21 January 2011; Accepted 15 March 2011 Academic Editor: James E. Springate Copyright © 2011 Antonio Granata et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Introduction. Hydatid disease is a cyclozoonotic parasitic infestation caused by the cestode Echinococcus granulosus. The cysts mainly arise in the liver (50 to 70%) or lung (20 to 30%), but any other organ can be involved, in abdominal and pelvic locations, as well as in other less common sites, which may make both diagnosis and treatment more complex. Isolated renal involvement is extremely rare. Case Presentation. We report a rare case of isolated renal hydatid disease in a 71-year-old man with a history of vague abdominal pain, anemia, fever, and microhematuria. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a complex cyst in the right kidney, including multiple smaller cysts with internal echoes.