alcohol marketing, drunkenness, and problem drinking among zambian youth findings from the 2004 global school-based student health survey酒精营销,酗酒,酗酒在赞比亚青年发现从2004年全球学校学生健康调查.pdfVIP
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alcohol marketing, drunkenness, and problem drinking among zambian youth findings from the 2004 global school-based student health survey酒精营销,酗酒,酗酒在赞比亚青年发现从2004年全球学校学生健康调查
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Journal of Environmental and Public Health
Volume 2011, Article ID 497827, 8 pages
doi:10.1155/2011/497827
Research Article
Alcohol Marketing, Drunkenness, and Problem
Drinking among Zambian Youth: Findings from the 2004 Global
School-Based Student Health Survey
Monica H. Swahn,1 Bina Ali,1 Jane B. Palmier,1 George Sikazwe,2, 3 and John Mayeya2
1 Institute of Public Health, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 3995, Atlanta, GA 30302-3995, USA
2 Health Promotion, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 30205, Lusaka, Zambia
3 Department of Health Promotion, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
Correspondence should be addressed to Monica H. Swahn, mswahn@
Received 7 September 2010; Accepted 19 January 2011
Academic Editor: Pauline E. Jolly
Copyright © 2011 Monica H. Swahn et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
This study examines the associations between alcohol marketing strategies, alcohol education including knowledge about dangers
of alcohol and refusal of alcohol, and drinking prevalence, problem drinking, and drunkenness. Analyses are based on the
Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) conducted in Zambia (2004) of students primarily 11 to 16 years of age
(N = 2257). Four statistical models were computed to test the associations between alcohol marketing and education and alcohol
use, while controlling for possible confounding factors. Alcohol marketing, specifically through providing free alcohol through
a company representative, was associated with drunkenness (AOR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.09–2.02) and problem drinking (AOR =
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