野生和养殖大鲵群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析-生物多样性.pdfVIP

生物多样性 2008, 16 (6): 533–538 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08105 Biodiversity Science http: // 野生和养殖大鲵群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析 1 1 2 1* 孟 彦 杨焱清 张 燕 肖汉兵 1 (中国水产科学研究院淡水生态与健康养殖重点开放实验室, 湖北荆州 434000) 2 (农业部淡水生物多样性保护与利用重点开放实验室, 湖北荆州 434000) 摘要: 中国大鲵是世界上最大的两栖动物并且为我国特有，现在该物种野生种群急剧下降, 而人工养殖种群逐渐 增多。为了对大鲵(Andrias davidianus)群体进行遗传多样性的本底调查, 本文用10对微卫星引物对28尾野生大鲵和 16尾人工养殖的大鲵样本进行了遗传多样性分析。结果表明, 在10对引物中有7对检测到多态位点, 野生群体和养 殖群体的观察等位基因数分别为5–8和4–6, 期望杂合度分别为0.81和0.75, 说明本实验中研究的大鲵的遗传多样 性水平较高。通过人工养殖群体和野生群体的比较发现, 人工养殖群体存在较大的等位基因丢失现象, 并且遗传 多样性水平低于野生群体。以上结果将为大鲵的人工繁育和遗传多样性的保护、利用提供一定的理论依据。 关键词: Andrias davidianus , 微卫星标记, 等位基因, 多态信息含量 A comparison of genetic diversity between wild and cultured populations of the Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus , based on microsa- tellite analyses * Yan Meng, Yanqing Yang, Yan Zhang, Hanbing Xiao 1 Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Healthy Aquaculture, Chinese Acad emy of Fishery Sciences, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000 2 Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fish- eries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000 Abstract: The Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) is world’s largest amphibian and is endemic to China. Wild populations of the species have declined drastically, while domesticated populations have in- creased in recent years. To estimate genetic variation in the Chinese giant salamander, we a