two positive periodic solutions for a neutral delay model of single-species population growth with harvesting两个正周期解的中性延迟模型单一物种人口增长与收获.pdf

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society Volume 2012, Article ID 678960, 12 pages doi:10.1155/2012/678960 Research Article Two Positive Periodic Solutions for a Neutral Delay Model of Single-Species Population Growth with Harvesting Hui Fang Department of Mathematics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China Correspondence should be addressed to Hui Fang, kmustfanghui@ Received 1 May 2012; Accepted 22 May 2012 Academic Editor: Xiaohua Ding Copyright q 2012 Hui Fang. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. By coincidence degree theory for k-set-contractive mapping, this paper establishes a new criterion for the existence of at least two positive periodic solutions for a neutral delay model of single- species population growth with harvesting. An example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the result. 1. Introduction In 1993, Kuang 1 proposed the following open problem Open Problem 9.2: obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of positive periodic solutions for N t N t a t − β t N t − b t N t − τ t − c t N t − τ t , 1.1 where all parameters are nonnegative continuous T -periodic functions. Fang and Li 2 gave an answer to the above open problem. In recent years, many papers have been published on the existence of multiple positive periodic solutions for some population systems with periodic harvesting terms by using Mawhin’s coincidence degree theory see, e.g., 3–7. However, to our knowledge, few papers deal with the existence of