small renal masses incidental diagnosis, clinical symptoms, and prognostic factors小肾质量的诊断、临床症状和预后因素.pdf

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Advances in Urology Volume 2008, Article ID 310694, 6 pages doi:10.1155/2008/310694 Review Article Small Renal Masses: Incidental Diagnosis, Clinical Symptoms, and Prognostic Factors ´ ´ 1 ´ ´ 1 1 2 F. M. Sanchez-Martın, F. Millan-Rodrıguez, G. Urdaneta-Pignalosa, J. Rubio-Briones, and H. Villavicencio-Mavrich1 1 Servicio de Urologıa, Fundacio Puigvert, C/Cartagena 340, 08025 Barcelona, Spain ´ ´ 2 Servicio de Urologıa, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologıa, C/Beltran Baguena 8, 46009 Valencia, Spain ´ ´ ´ ´ ´ ´ Correspondence should be addressed to F. M. Sanchez-Martın, fsanchez@fundacio-puigvert.es Received 13 May 2008; Revised 26 September 2008; Accepted 18 November 2008 Recommended by Maxwell V. Meng Introduction. The small renal masses (SRMs) have increased over the past two decades due to more liberal use of imaging techniques. SRMs have allowed discussions regarding their prognostic, diagnosis, and therapeutic approach. Materials and methods. Clinical presentation, incidental diagnosis, and prognosis factors of SRMs are discussed in this review. Results. SRMs are defined as lesions less than 4 cm in diameter. SRM could be benign, and most malignant SMRs are low stage and low grade. Clinical symptoms like hematuria are very rare, being diagnosed by chance (incidental) in most cases. Size, stage, and grade are still the most consistent prognosis factors in (RCC). An enhanced contrast SRM that grows during act