土壤累积酸化对鼎湖山马尾松林物质元素迁移规律的影响-浙江大学学报.PDF

浙江大李母银(农业与生命科学版)31(4):381^391,2005 JournalofZhejiangUniversity(Agric.LifeSci.) 文章编号:1008-9209(2005)04-0381-11 土壤累积酸化对鼎湖山马尾松林物质元素迁移规律的影响 刘菊秀，周国逸 (中国科学院华南植物园，广东广州 510650) 摘 要:自然酸沉降环境下，土壤酸化是一个逐步累积的过程.在土壤被累积酸化影响下，鼎湖山马尾 松林土壤物质元素K,Na,Ca,Mg,P,Fe,Mn,Cu和Al的迁移变化规律与对照相比发生改变 土壤中， 交换性K十、有效Fe、有效Cu含量持续上升;总P、活性Al含量下降;交换性CaIMgt+含量开始时明 显下降，后又稍有上升;有效Mn变化不大 土壤淋洗液中，K+,Na+含量持续下降;Ca、Mg2+含量开 始时下降，后趋于缓和;总P,Fe,Cu,Mn和Al含量持续上升.酸沉降对土壤有效Fe,Mn和活性Al以 及土壤淋洗液中MgZ+、Mn和Al含量有显著影响.在雨季，马尾松叶片中Ca,Mg元素随处理的酸雨酸 度的增加，含量下降，马尾松生长应该注意是否缺Mg和出现Al毒.在酸沉降累积影响下，鼎湖山马尾 松林最终将容易出现因土壤养分Mg,P,Cu缺乏和微量元素Fe及有毒元素Al的活化而导致的养分失 衡状况的发生. 关 键 词:土壤酸化;鼎湖山;马尾松林;元素迁移;影响 中图分类号:Q948 文献标识码 :A LIUJu-xiu,ZHOUGuo-yi(SouthChinaBotanicalGarden,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Guangzhou 510650,China) EffectsofcumulativeacidificationofsoilonelementtransferinPinusmassoniana Lamb.forestat Dinghusban.JournalofZhejiangUniversity(Agric..LifeSci.)，2005，31(4):381-391 Abstract:Undertheconditionofnaturalaciddeposition,thesoilwillbeacidifiedgradually.Dueto cumulativeacidificationofsoil,transferdynamicsofK,Na,Ca,Mg,P,Fe,Mn,CuandAlinthesoil ofmasonpineforestatDinghushanwerechanged,comparedwiththecontrol.TheexchangeableK contentandavailableFeandCucontentincreasedsteadily,whereasavailablePandactivatedAl decreased,whichwasaccompaniedbyearlierdecreaseandlaterincreaseinexchangeableCaandMg.Soil availableMncontentwasrelativelystable.TotalKandNacontentsteadilyreducedinthesoilleachate, withtheCaandMgcontenttendingtodecreaseatfirstandthenremainingstable.Comparedwiththe transferdynamicsofKandNa,changesintotalP,Fe,Cu,MnandAlconcentrationsinthesoil leachateshowedacontrarytendency.ItisconcludedthatconcentrationsofavailableFe,MnandAlin soilandMg,MnandAlinthesoilleachateinmasonpineforestatDinghushanwereheavilyaffectedby aciddeposition.Inrainyseason