常见稗草种对稻田土壤处理剂的敏感差异性及机理研究.docVIP

常见稗草种对稻田土壤处理剂的敏感差异性及机理研究 稗草是我国稻田中发生最广、危害最重的主要杂草之一，采用整株生物测定法比较了敌稗等5种茎叶除草剂的处理剂量（0、0.4X、0.8X、1.2X、1.6X和2.0X,其中X为推荐剂量）对5种不同稗草种的敏感性差异。通过计算残留株数和干重抑制率的统计分析结果表明各稗草种对各药剂均有明显的敏感性。其中防效较好的是稻杰、韩秋好、二氯喹啉酸，其次双草醚，最后是敌稗。并且生化测定了2～3叶期抗性生物型和敏感生物型稗草在二氯喹啉酸除草剂处理后2d～4d后的GST酶活性.论文结果为稗草种对稻田除草剂的敏感性水平及大田安全有效实施杂草化学防除提供依据，同时通过稗草不同种对除草剂的敏感性研究来初步探讨稗草种间的差异。8312 关键词稗草 除草剂 敏感差异性 GST 毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要 TitleStudy on susceptibility of barnyard grass common in Jiangsu province to herbicides and mechanism of herbicide resistance Abstract Barnyard grass (Echinochloa spp.) is one of the major malignant weeds which occur most popularly in paddy rice fields of China. The susceptibility of 5 accessions of Echinochloa to 5 soil-applied herbicides (Propanil，Penoxsulam，Metamifop，Quinclorac, Bispyribac-sodium) was compared by Petri dish method and pot-spraying method respectively. The soil-applied herbicides were applied at 0、0.1X、0.2X、0.4X、0.8X and 1.6X the field rate. According to the inhibition rate of residual number and dry weight of the seedlings, all of 5 accessions collected were sensitive to different herbicides. Among the soil-applied herbicides, the control effect of Penoxsulam，Metamifop and Quinclorac is highest, the control of Propanil is lowest. Meanwhile, GST activities of the barnyard grass of two or three leaf stage for the resistance grass and sensitive barnyard grass byQuinclorac treatment.The results provided a basis on herbicide sensitivity of Echinochloa accessions and control efficacy of herbicides in paddy rice fields. Meanwhile, It preliminarily explored the differences of Echinochloa populations through the study on susceptibility to herbicides. 结论16 致谢17 参考文献：18 附图及附表20 1引言 1.1稗草简介及危害 稗草（Echinochloa spp.），一年生禾本科杂草，稗草，禾木科稗属，中文学名为稗子。　秆直立，基部倾斜或膝曲，光滑无毛，叶鞘松弛，下部者长于节间，上部者短于节间；无叶舌；叶片无毛。 圆锥花序主轴具角棱，粗糙；小穗密集于穗轴的一侧，具极短柄或近无柄；第一颖三角形，基部包卷小穗，长为小穗的1/3～1/2，具5脉，被短硬毛或硬刺疣毛，第二颖先端具小尖头，具5脉，脉上具刺状硬毛，脉间被短硬毛；第一外稃草质，上部具7脉，先端延伸成1粗壮芒，内稃与外稃等长。花果期7月～10月。稗子在较干旱的土地上，茎亦可分散贴地生长。 稗子适应性强，生长茂盛，多生于沼泽、沟渠旁、低洼荒地及稻田中，是一种很好的饲养原