氯化钾镀锌无铬钝化工艺研究.docVIP

氯化钾镀锌无铬钝化工艺研究 摘要：锌镀层的耐腐蚀性能不强，需要进行钝化处理，但是传统的铬酸盐钝化对环境污染大等缺点需要对锌层进行无铬钝化。本次以钼酸盐为主要成分，对锌层钝化工艺技术进行了系统的研究。讨论了钝化液中磷酸盐、钼酸盐、钝化温度、钝化处理时间、钝化液pH值等对钝化成膜及膜层耐蚀性的影响。使用控制变量法得出该钝化工艺的最佳参数，在此参数基础上看是否符合工艺对钝化膜的要求。实验结果表明，当工艺参数为：钼酸铵16～24g/L，磷酸钠1.0～2.0g/L，添加剂1.5～2.5g/L，温度45～60℃，pH 3～5，时间30～60s时，便可得到一层钝化膜颜色为彩虹色、鲜艳、均匀且有光泽的镀层。该镀层能够通过附着力测试43次，中性盐雾试验达到53小时，能够达到本次课题对钝化膜层的性能要求，而且该钝化液拥有对环境污染小、处理方便等优点。8756 关键词：无铬钝化；镀锌层；钼酸盐 Study on Chromium-free Passivation Layer of Chloride Electro-galvanized Abstract :Corrosion resistance of zinc coating is not good, the need for passivation, but the traditional chromate disadvantages such as environmental pollution requires zinc layer passivation . The molybdate as the main ingredient in the zinc layer passivation process technology for the system. Passivation solution discussed phosphates, molybdates, passivation temperature , passivation treatment time , passivation solution pH on the passivation film deposition and corrosion resistance . Using the control variable method to get the optimal parameters of the passivation process , based on the point of view in this parameter meets the requirements of the passive film technology . Experimental results show that when the process parameters are : sodium molybdate 16～24g / L, sodium phosphate 1.0～2.0g / L, additive 1.5～2.0g / L, temperature 45～60 ℃, pH 3～5, times 30～60s , they can get a layer of passivation film color is rainbow colored , bright , uniform and glossy coating . The coating adhesion test through 43 and Reached 53 hours neutral salt spray test , to achieve this task the performance requirements of the passive film , and the passivation solution has little environmental pollution and easy handling . 4.3.1钝化液的配制13 4.3.2钝化膜的制备13 5试验结果及讨论15 5.1试验结果15 5.2工艺成份的作用与影响15 5.2.1基础成份15 5.2.2丙烯胺添加剂17 5.3工艺条件的影响17 5.3.1时间17 5.3.2pH值得确定19 5.3.3温度20 5.4工艺性能22 5.4.1钝化膜层性能22 6 结论24 谢词25 参考文献26 1引言 1.1课题概况及研究的意义 由于镀锌工艺发展很快，镀液性能和镀层质量也得到了不断完善和提高，曾经使用多年的铵盐镀锌工艺由于存在氯化铵对钢铁设备腐蚀严重、电镀废水处理困难等诸多缺点，已逐渐被氯化盐镀锌的工艺所取代，镀锌是提高钢铁抗大气腐