氟尿嘧啶注射液（Fluorouracil Injection）.docVIP

氟尿嘧啶注射液（Fluorouracil Injection） 氟尿嘧啶注射液（氟尿嘧啶注射液） 【性状】 【药理毒理】 本品在体内先转变为5氟- 2 -脱氧尿嘧啶核苷酸，后者抑制胸腺嘧啶核苷酸合成酶，阻断脱氧尿嘧啶核苷酸转变为脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷酸，从而抑制DNA的生物合成。此外，通过阻止尿嘧啶和乳清酸掺入RNA，RNA合成的作用达到抑制。本品为细胞周期特异性药，主要抑制的期细胞。 【药代动力学】 本品主要经肝脏分解代谢，大部分降解为二氧化碳经呼吸道排出体外，约15%在给药1小时内经肾以原型药排出体外。大剂量用药能透过血脑屏障，静注后于半小时内到达脑脊液中，并可维持3小时，T1 / 2为10～20分钟，t1/2β为20小时。 【适应症】 本品的抗瘤谱较广，主要用于治疗消化道肿瘤，或较大剂量氟尿嘧啶治疗绒毛膜上皮癌。亦常用于治疗乳腺癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、宫颈癌、膀胱癌及皮肤癌等。 【用法用量】 氟尿嘧啶作静脉注射或静脉滴注所用剂量相差甚大。单药静脉注射剂量一般为按体重一日10～20mg/kg，连用5～10日，每疗程5～7g（甚至10g）。若为静脉滴注，通常按体表面积一日300～500mg/m2，连用3～5天，每次静脉滴注时间不得少于6～8小时；静脉滴注时可用输液泵连续给药维持24小时。 For primary or metastatic liver cancer, arterial catheterization is used. Intraperitoneal injection of body surface area once 500 ~ 600mg/m2. 1 times a week, 2~4 times for 1 courses. [adverse effects] (1) nausea, anorexia or vomiting. How severe is the normal dose?. Occasional oral mucositis or ulceration, abdominal discomfort, or diarrhea. Peripheral white blood cells reduce common (mostly in the course of the beginning after 2 to 3 weeks after the lowest point, about 3 to 4 weeks after the return to normal), thrombocytopenia, rare. Rare cough, shortness of breath or cerebellar ataxia. (2) long-term use can lead to neurological toxicity. (3) the myocardial ischemia and the change of ECG can be seen even after myocardial ischemia. Cardiovascular dysfunction (arrhythmia, angina pectoris, ST segment changes) is discontinued if proven. [taboo] A small number of humans have congenital malformations due to the use of this product within three months of pregnancy and may have long-term effects on the fetus. Therefore, in the first trimester of pregnancy women banned this medicine within three months. Because of the potential mutagenicity, teratogenicity and carcinogenicity of this product and the possible side effects in infants, lactation is not allowed during the use of this product. Disable this product when accompanied by chickenpox or shingles. Fluorouracil is contraindicated in debilitated patients. [matters needing attention] (