痉挛性颈斜发病机制和治疗进展.docVIP

痉挛性颈斜发病机制和治疗进展【摘要】痉挛性颈斜是一种非自主性肌肉收缩引起的头颈扭转和姿势异常为表现的症候群。在过去的几个世纪中，解释该现象的发病机制主要有器质性和精神心理性两种。部分病人从发病起始阶段就饱受心理困惑。然而，我们仍然没有满意的理论来解释痉挛性颈斜的发病机制及诱导因素。因此，目前临床医生对于该疾病还没有有效的疗法。 【关键词】痉挛性颈斜；发病机制；治疗 Summary: Spasmodic torticollis, or cervical dystonia is an involuntary muscle contraction that rotates the head into an abnormal posture. In the last few centuries, there has been a constant sway between organic and psychogenic explanations for dystonia. Many dystonia patients told that they suffered from psychological conflicts from the onset of the disease, along with the early stages of cervical dystonia. However, we still do not have a content explanation for the pathogenesis and causal explanations for dystonia, especially for cervical dystonia. As a result, neither do doctors have permanent control over cervical dystonia, as well as other types of dystonia. Key words: cervical dystonia, spasmodic torticollis, pathogenesis, treatment Causes of Cervical Dystonia The pathophysiology of cervical dystonia is still relatively unknown. It is considered neurochemical disorders, like the over-releasing of Acetylcholine, and does not result in structural changes in brain. [1] Tracing the history of the cervical dystonia researches, it is found that whether organic or psychogenic explanation for cervical dystonia is more convincible has not been decided yet. Plenty of the patients complained about the mental changes before they suffered from cervical dystonia, and it should be taken into consideration that mental disorders like anxiety are related to the cause of cervical dystonia. Treatment Considering one of its causes on the over-releasing of Acetylcholine from presynaptic membrane in the synaptic gap, toxin has been used as the standard treatment, which is safe and relatively effective for a period of time. Toxin is used to block the releasing of Acetylcholine, which could keep the spasmodic muscles at lower tone for some time. In China, most of the hospitals use Toxin typ