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工程热力学第三章理想气体的性质
* * * * When the initial and final temperatures of the process are known, the pressure and volume can be calculated by the following equations. (2) The change in Internal Energy, Enthalpy and Entropy (内能、焓及熵的变化量) Entropy Change There is no heat transfer to or from the gas and the process is reversible so that When the initial and final temperatures of the process are known, the work done is calculated by the following equations: (3) Work Done and Heat Transferred (功量和热量) 3.4.2 Polytropic Process 多变过程 Many processes can be approximated by the law: where, p Pressure, v Volume, n an index depending on the process type. n=0, results in p=constant i.e. isobaric process. n=infinity, results in v=constant i.e. isochoric process. n=1, results in pv=constant, which is an isothermal process for a perfect gas. n=k, which is a reversible adiabatic process for an ideal gas. Polytropic processes are internally reversible. Some examples are vapors and ideal gas in many non-flow processes, such as: Some polytropic processes are shown in figure below: The initial state of working fluid is shown by point 0 on the P-V diagram. The polytropic state changes are: 0 to 1= constant pressure heating, 0 to 2= constant volume heating, 0 to 3= reversible adiabatic compression, 0 to 4= isothermal compression, 0 to 5= constant pressure cooling, 0 to 6= constant volume cooling, 0 to 7= reversible adiabatic expansion, 0 to 8= isothermal expansion. When the initial and final temperatures of the process are known, the pressure can be calculated bu When the initial and final temperatures of the process are known, the work done can be calculated by (3) Work Done and Heat Transferred (功量和热量) §3.5 Properties of Ideal Gas Mixtures 混合理想气体的性质 1. Component pressure and Dalton’s law of additive pressures 混合气体的分压力和道尔顿分压力定律 (1)Definition of Component pressure
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