both conventional and interferon killer dendritic cells have antigen-presenting capacity during influenza virus infection传统和干扰素杀手树突状细胞抗原递呈能力在流感病毒感染.pdfVIP

Both Conventional and Interferon Killer Dendritic Cells Have Antigen-Presenting Capacity during Influenza Virus Infection 1,2 1 1 4 1 Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel , Ingrid M. Bergen , Femke Muskens , Louis Boon , Henk C. Hoogsteden , Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus2, Guus F. Rimmelzwaan2., Bart N. Lambrecht1,3.* 1 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 2 Department of Virology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 3 Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium, 4 Bioceros B. V., Utrecht, The Netherlands Abstract Natural killer cells are innate effector cells known for their potential to produce interferon-c and kill tumour and virus- infected cells. Recently, B220+CD11cintNK1.1+ NK cells were found to also have antigen-presenting capacity like dendritic cells (DC), hence their name interferon-producing killer DC (IKDC). Shortly after discovery, it has already been questioned if IKDC really represent a separate subset of NK cells or merely represent a state of activation. Despite similarities with DCs, in vivo evidence that they behave as bona fide APCs is lacking. Here, using a model of influenza infection, we found recruitment of both conventional B2202 NK cells and IKDCs to the lung. To study antigen-presenting capacity of NK cell subsets and compare it to cDCs, all cell subsets were sorted from lungs of infected mice and co-cultured ex vivo with antigen specific T cells. Both IKDCs and conventional NK cells as well as cDCs presented virus-encoded antigen to CD8 T cells, whereas only cDCs presented to CD4 T cells. The absence of CD4 responses was predo