centralized modularity of n-linked glycosylation pathways in mammalian cells在哺乳动物细胞集中模块化n-linked糖基化途径.pdfVIP

Centralized Modularity of N-Linked Glycosylation Pathways in Mammalian Cells 1 2,3 4,5 Pan-Jun Kim , Dong-Yup Lee *, Hawoong Jeong * 1 Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America, 2 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 3 Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore, 4 Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea, 5 Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea Abstract Glycosylation is a highly complex process to produce a diverse repertoire of cellular glycans that are attached to proteins and lipids. Glycans are involved in fundamental biological processes, including protein folding and clearance, cell proliferation and apoptosis, development, immune responses, and pathogenesis. One of the major types of glycans, N- linked glycans, is formed by sequential attachments of monosaccharides to proteins by a limited number of enzymes. Many of these enzymes can accept multiple N-linked glycans as substrates, thereby generating a large number of glycan intermediates and their intermingled pathways. Motivated by the quantitative methods developed in complex network research, we investigated the large-scale organization of such N-linked glycosylation pathways in mammalian cells. The N- linked glycosylation pathways are extremely modular, and are composed of cohesive topological modules that directly branch from a common upstream pathway of glycan synthesis. This unique structural property allows the glycan produ