delineation of diverse macrophage activation programs in response to intracellular parasites and cytokines描述不同的巨噬细胞在胞内寄生虫和细胞因子激活项目.pdfVIP

Delineation of Diverse Macrophage Activation Programs in Response to Intracellular Parasites and Cytokines 1,2 3 3 1,2 4 Shuyi Zhang , Charles C. Kim , Sajeev Batra , James H. McKerrow , P’ng Loke * 1 Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America, 2 Sandler Center for Basic Research in Parasitic Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America, 3 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America, 4 Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America Abstract Background: The ability to reside and proliferate in macrophages is characteristic of several infectious agents that are of major importance to public health, including the intracellular parasites Trypanosoma cruzi (the etiological agent of Chagas disease) and Leishmania species (etiological agents of Kala-Azar and cutaneous leishmaniasis). Although recent studies have elucidated some of the ways macrophages respond to these pathogens, the relationships between activation programs elicited by these pathogens and the macrophage activation programs elicited by bacterial pathogens and cytokines have not been delineated. Methodology/Principal Findings: To provide a global perspective on the relationships between macrophage activation programs and to understand how certain pathogens circumvent them, we used transcriptional profiling by genome-wide microarray analysis to compare the responses of mouse macrophages following exposure to the intracellular parasites T. cruzi and Leishmania mexicana, the bacterial product lipopolysaccha