drivers and spatio-temporal extent of hyporheic patch variation implications for sampling司机和时空对抽样hyporheic补丁变异程度的影响.pdfVIP

Drivers and Spatio-Temporal Extent of Hyporheic Patch Variation: Implications for Sampling 1,2 2 1 Alexander Braun , Karl Auerswald , Juergen Geist * ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ 1 Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universitat Munchen, Freising, Germany, 2 Lehrstuhl fur Grunlandlehre, ¨ ¨ Department of Plant Science, Technische Universitat Munchen, Freising, Germany Abstract The hyporheic zone in stream ecosystems is a heterogeneous key habitat for species across many taxa. Consequently, it attracts high attention among freshwater scientists, but generally applicable guidelines on sampling strategies are lacking. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop and validate such sampling guidelines. Applying geostatistical analysis, we quantified the spatio-temporal variability of parameters, which characterize the physico-chemical substratum conditions in the hyporheic zone. We investigated eight stream reaches in six small streams that are typical for the majority of temperate areas. Data was collected on two occasions in six stream reaches (development data), and once in two additional reaches, after one year (validation data). In this study, the term spatial variability refers to patch contrast (patch to patch variance) and patch size (spatial extent of a patch). Patch contrast of hyporheic parameters (specific conductance, pH and dissolved oxygen) increased with macrophyte cover (r2 = 0.95, p,0.001), while patch size of hyporheic parameters decreased from 6 to 2 m with increasing sinuosity of the stream course (r2 = 0.91, p,0.001), irrespective of the time of