early-life gut bacteria associate with il-4？, il-10？ and ifn-γ production at two years of age早期肠道细菌与il - 4 ,il - 10 和ifn-γ生产在两岁.pdfVIP

Early-Life Gut Bacteria Associate with IL-42, IL-10 2 and IFN-c Production at Two Years of Age 1 1 1 2 Maria A. Johansson , Shanie Saghafian-Hedengren , Yeneneh Haileselassie , Stefan Roos , Marita Troye- 1 3. ¨ 1 . Blomberg , Caroline Nilsson , Eva Sverremark-Ekstrom * 1 Department of Immunology, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden, 2 Department of ¨ Microbiology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, 3 Department of Clinical Science and Education, Sodersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet and Sachs’ Children’s Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Abstract Microbial exposure early in life influences immune maturation and potentially also the development of immune-mediated disease. Here we studied early-life gut colonization in relation to cytokine responses at two years of age. Fecal samples were collected from infants during the first two months of life. DNA was extracted from the fecal samples and Bifidobacterium (B.) adolescentis, B. breve, B. bifidum, a group of lactobacilli (L. casei, L. paracasei and L. rhamnosus) as well as Staphylococcus (S.) aureus were detected with real time PCR. Peripheral mononuclear cells were stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and numbers of IL-4 2, IL-10 2 and IFN-c secreting cells were evaluated using ELISpot. We further stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells with bacterial supernatants in vitro and as