echo-time and field strength dependence of bold reactivity in veins and parenchyma using flow-normalized hypercapnic manipulation大胆的反应性回声时间和电场强度的依赖关系在静脉和薄壁组织使用flow-normalized hypercapnic操纵.pdfVIP

Echo-Time and Field Strength Dependence of BOLD Reactivity in Veins and Parenchyma Using Flow- Normalized Hypercapnic Manipulation Christina Triantafyllou1,2*, Lawrence L. Wald2,3, Richard D. Hoge4,5 1 A.A. Martinos Imaging Center at McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 2 Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3 Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, ´ ´ ´ Massachusetts, United States of America, 4 Unite de Neuroimagerie Fonctionelle, Centre de recherche de l’institut universitaire de geriatrie de Montreal, Montreal, Canada, ´ ´ 5 Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Canada Abstract While the BOLD (Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent) contrast mechanism has demonstrated excellent sensitivity to neuronal activation, its specificity with regards to differentiating vascular and parenchymal responses has been an area of ongoing concern. By inducing a global increase in Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF), we examined the effect of magnetic field strength and echo-time (TE) on the gradient-echo BOLD response in areas of cortical gray matter and in resolvable veins. In order to define a quantitative index of BOLD reactivity, we measured the percent BOLD response per unit fractional change in global gray matter CBF induced by inhaling carbon dioxide (CO2). By normalizing the BOLD response to the underlying