noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation promotes gaba release in the substantia nigra and improves locomotion in hemiparkinsonian rats嘈杂的前庭神经电刺激促进gaba在hemiparkinsonian大鼠黑质,改善运动.pdfVIP

Noisy Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Promotes GABA Release in the Substantia Nigra and Improves Locomotion in Hemiparkinsonian Rats 1 1 2 1,3 Ghazaleh Samoudi , Hans Nissbrandt , Mayank B. Dutia , Filip Bergquist * ¨ 1 Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden, 2 Centre for ¨ Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 3 Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden Abstract Background: The vestibular system is connected to spinal, cerebellar and cerebral motor control structures and can be selectively activated with external electrodes. The resulting sensation of disturbed balance can be avoided by using stochastic stimulation patterns. Adding noise to the nervous system sometimes improves function. Small clinical trials suggest that stochastic vestibular stimulation (SVS) may improve symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. We have investigated this claim and possible mechanisms using the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) hemilesion model of Parkinson’s disease. Methodology/Principal Findings: Animals were tested in the accelerating rod test and the Montoya staircase test of skilled forelimb use. In 6-OHDA hemilesioned animals, SVS improved rod performance by 56 611 s. At group level L-DOPA treatment had no effect, but positive responders improved t