reward processing in the brain a prerequisite for movement preparation大脑中的奖励处理运动准备的先决条件.pdfVIP

NEURAL PLASTICITY VOLUME 10, NO. 1-2, 2003 Reward Processing In the Brain: A Prerequisite For Movement Preparation? M. Keitz, C. Martin-Soelch,2 KoL. Leenders 1Department ofNeurology, University Hospital Groningen, The Netherlands, Department ofGeneral and Cognitive Psychology, University Basel, Switzerland SUMMARY survived if it could not learn from experience. A condition for the survival of vertebrate species is In the last decade, expanding animal studies the ability to learn from past experience, or in on the cerebral organization of reward processing other words to distinguish between rewarding and toward human in vivo situations has become non-rewarding stimuli to know which stimuli or possible. In this review, we define some of the situations should be approached and which should concepts associated with reward, summarize the be avoided. Currently, it is widely accepted that crucial importance of the dopaminergic system, the dopaminergic system in the brain plays an and discuss the currently available neuro- important role in the processing of rewarding imaging studies in man. We will show that stimuli. Since the discovery of a reward pathway abstract concepts of human behavior like by Olds and Milner (1954), a large body ofempirical emotions, drive, arousal, and reinforcement are research has been performed to gain more insight now open for further exploration in man at the into the neurobiology of reward processing. level of neuronal circuit