some results on equivalence groups一些结果在对等组.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Applied Mathematics Volume 2012, Article ID 484805, 11 pages doi:10.1155/2012/484805 Research Article Some Results on Equivalence Groups J. C. Ndogmo School of Mathematics, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa Correspondence should be addressed to J. C. Ndogmo, jean-claude.ndogmo@wits.ac.za Received 28 August 2012; Accepted 1 October 2012 Academic Editor: Fazal M. Mahomed Copyright q 2012 J. C. Ndogmo. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The comparison of two common types of equivalence groups of differential equations is discussed, and it is shown that one type can be identified with a subgroup of the other type, and a case where the two groups are isomorphic is exhibited. A result on the determination of the finite transformations of the infinitesimal generator of the larger group, which is useful for the determination of the invariant functions of the differential equation, is also given. In addition, the Levidecomposition of the Lie algebra associated with the larger group is found; the Levi factor of which is shown to be equal, up to a constant factor, to the Lie algebra associated with the smaller group. 1. Introduction An invertible point transformation that maps every element in a family F of differential equations of a specified form into the same family is commonly referred to as an equivalence transformation of the equation 1–3. Elements of the family F are generally labeled by a set of arbitrary functions, and the set of all equivalence transformations forms, in general, an infinite dimensional Lie group ca