the degenerating substantia nigra as a susceptible region for gene transfer-mediated inflammation退化的黑质作为基因易感区域transfer-mediated炎症.pdfVIP

SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research Parkinson’s Disease Volume 2011, Article ID 931572, 8 pages doi:10.4061/2011/931572 Review Article The Degenerating Substantia Nigra as a Susceptible Region for Gene Transfer-Mediated Inflammation ´ Valeria Roca, Juan Cruz Casabona, Pablo Radice, Veronica Murta, and Fernando Juan Pitossi Leloir Institute, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina Correspondence should be addressed to Fernando Juan Pitossi, fpitossi@.ar Received 2 December 2010; Accepted 29 March 2011 Academic Editor: Gilles J. Guillemin Copyright © 2011 Valeria Roca et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN). ¨ The naıve SN is highly susceptible to inflammation. In addition, microglial activation in the degenerating SN displays distinct characteristics that increase the reactivity of the region towards inflammatory stimuli. On the other hand, gene therapy for PD has recently move forward into clinical settings, with PD being the neurodegenerative disorder with the highest number of Phase I/II gene therapy clinical trials approved and completed. These clinical trials are not targeting the SN, but this region is a certain candidate for future gene therapy interventions. Here, the unique immune-related properties of the degenerating SN in the context of a putative gene therapy intervention are reviewed. Several variables affecting the host resp