压缩机典型故障-copeland.pptVIP

润滑失效的原因 缺油 润滑油焦化 制冷剂稀释润滑油，粘度下降 制冷剂冲刷油膜 缺油 系统管路长，未及时补充油----加油 系统回油不好，如满液式蒸发器, 回气速度低等 改进设计 短循环 制冷剂泄漏 曲轴箱正压 未除霜 低温系统，回油困难 选用高效油分 Since the refrigerant is heavier than the lubricant, it settles to the bottom of the crankcase. The lubricant is on the top. The separation may not always be as visible in the oil sight glass as in this case. When the compressor starts, a sudden reduction in crankcase pressure causes the refrigerant to partially evaporate in a virtual explosion. The eruption creates a mass of liquid made up of refrigerant and oil. Large quantities of this liquid may carry oil out of the crankcase. The liquid refrigerant under the oil may also be liberated and literally squirt up at the crankshaft bearing surfaces and wash the lubricant film off in a totally random pattern. That can occur in either a refrigerant cooled or an air cooled compressor. The random pattern will result in damage to the bearing surface with no damage to the bearings on either side. The damage cannot be explained by oil flow. A good, bad, good, bad sequence will be present. Flooded starts can become a problem any time there is more refrigerant available than the oil can safely absorb. System designers try to keep the refrigerant charge as small as possible to reduce the refrigerant to oil ratio. Crankcase heaters are used to raise the oil temperature and help slow down the rate of refrigerant migration. When the compressor is located in a cold ambient, the crankcase heater may not be adequate. Slugging is a more severe form of one of the first two failure modes. We call it slugging when the damage goes beyond wear and parts are broken. Slugging is the result of significant quantities of liquid refrigerant, oil, or both getting into the compressor’s cylinders above the piston. It usually results from extreme floodback in an air cooled compressor, but in a refrigerant cooled compressor it is more likely to be the result of severe migration. If a large slug of liquid is d