低压缺氧建立阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征兔模型的实验研究.docVIP

低压缺氧建立阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征兔模型的实验研究 张 妮1，刘 熙1，刘 刚1，王 健2 （400038 重庆 第三军医大学西南医院：呼吸内科1，放射科2） 【摘 要】目的 研究在低压低氧环境建立阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征兔模型的方法及模型病理生理的变化。方法 将成年日本大白兔12只用随机数字表法分为对照组和实验组，实验组置于海拔5 000m动物低压低氧舱内饲养，每天10h，连续4周。对照组动物正常对照饲养。对2组动物分别进行上气道CT扫描、动脉血气分析及睡眠呼吸气流监测、咽壁组织及颏舌肌病理学检查。结果 ①在舌骨水平CT扫描结果：实验组较对照组的咽后壁明显增厚(P 0.01)、前后径明显减小(P 0.05)、截面积明显减小(P 0.01)；在软腭中点水平CT扫描结果：实验组较对照组软腭明显增厚(P 0.05)，上下径明显减小(P0.05)。②实验组较对照组睡眠期间的呼吸暂停低通气指数（apnea hypopnea index,AHI）明显升高(P0.01)、呼吸频率明显加快(P 0.01)、呼吸时比明显增加(P0.01)、平均呼吸深度明显增加(P0.05)。③实验组较对照组动脉血氧分压[p（O2）]明显降低(P0.01)、二氧化碳分压[p（CO2）]明显增高(P0.05)。④病理组织学显示：对照组咽后壁黏膜上皮组织为复层扁平上皮，黏膜下层腺体较少；颏舌肌肌纤维排列紧密。实验组咽壁黏膜上皮组织增厚并角化，黏膜下层组织腺体增生；颏舌肌肌纤维萎缩、有溶解断裂现象。结论 低压低氧方法可以成功建立阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征兔模型，其病理生理改变与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者表现相似。 【关键词】睡眠呼吸暂停综合征，阻塞性；动物模型；兔 【中图法分类号】 【文献标志码】 A Studies on rabbit models with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome Zhang Ni1，Liu Xi1，Liu Gang1，Wang Jian2 (Department of Respiratory Diseases1 ,Department of Radiology2，Southwest Hospital，Third Military Medical University，Chongqing, 400038，China) 【Abstract】 Objectiveestablishment of rabbit models with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) through hypobaric hypoxia and the changes in pathophysiology. Methods　Twelve adult rabbits were randomly assigned to 2 groups, named control control groupnd experimental group. The rabbits of experimental group were placed in hypobaric hypoxia cabin,in which the altitude was 5 000m ,10 hours daily,for 4 weeks.The rabbits of control group were raised normally. The two groups were scanned by CT , analysised arterial blood gas and monitored respiratory airflow . The rabbits were sacrificed after the experiment, and pharyngeal tissue and genioglossus were harvested for pathological examination. Results ①In hyoid bone plane of upper airway , the pharyngeal of experimental group showed have significant thicked(P0.01), the anteroposterior diameter (P0.01)and cross-sectional area (P0.05)have significant decreased compared with that of the control group; In middle of soft palate plane , th