病理生理学 名词解释 考试要点（Pathophysiology; noun interpretation; examination points）.docVIP

病理生理学 名词解释 考试要点（Pathophysiology; noun interpretation; examination points） 1. pathophysiology (pathophysiology): a study from the angle of function, metabolic disease, medical theory and development have rules and its mechanism. 2. pathological process: refers to a variety of diseases may occur, common, complete sets of functional metabolism and morphological changes in the results. 3. disease (disease): it is an abnormal life process caused by the disorder of homeostasis of the organism under the influence of a certain cause of disease. 4. etiology (etiology): factors that cause disease and give the characteristic of the disease, known as etiology, are essential factors. 5., factor (precipitating): can strengthen the cause of disease or promote the occurrence of disease factors. 6. brain death (brain death): the cessation of the whole brain function at the greater part of the occipital bone means that the function of the organism as a whole ceases permanently, which is a sign of brain death. 7. low volume hyponatremia (hypotonic dehydration): characterized by loss of Na+, loss of water, serum Na+130mmol/L, plasma osmolality of 280mmol/L, accompanied by a decrease in extracellular fluid volume. Hypotonic dehydration. 8. high capacity low sodium blood treatment (water poisoning): the characteristic of low blood sodium, serum Na+ concentration of 130mmol/L, plasma osmotic pressure 280mmol/L, but normal or increased total body sodium and water retention, because the fluid volume increased significantly, also known as water intoxication. 9. low volume hypernatremia (hypertonic dehydration): characterized by dehydration, na+, serum Na concentration, 150mmol/L, extracellular fluid volume and intracellular fluid volume, decreased by intracellular fluid. Hypertonic dehydration. 10. Edema (edema): the accumulation of excessive fluid in the interstitial space or the body cavity. 11. (Frank edema) apparent edema: when the subcutaneous tissue had more fluid accumulation, skin s