静脉营养（Parenteral nutrition）.docVIP

静脉营养（Parenteral nutrition） A definition: the metabolism and growth of liquid, calorie intake, vitamins and minerals required for all (total parenteral nutrition) and part (intravenous nutrition) by intravenous supply. Two indications: suffering from gastrointestinal feeding diseases, and life-threatening Total parenteral nutrition: 1 、 chronic intestinal obstruction 2, intestinal fistula 3, severe chronic diarrhea 4. Extensive burns 5 、 necrotizing enterocolitis 6, very low birth weight infants weighing less than 1Kg Partial parenteral nutrition: Preterm infants at age of 1. days in a week, between birth weight 1000~1500g, calorie intake is less than 90Cal/kg.d 2. years old, more than one week of premature infants, the calorie intake of less than 80Cal/kg.d Three, relative contraindications 1 jaundice 2 、 abnormal liver function 3, circulatory failure, 4, renal failure, BUN 12.5mg/L 5, hyperlipidemia 6 thrombocytopenia 7, very low birth weight infants within three days Four, input path: 1 、 central vein 2 、 peripheral vein Five, liquid volume (see Table 1) The daily fluid requirement of neonates varies with gestational age, age and weight Postnatal fluid requirement (ml/kg) for neonates of different birth weight The ratio of liquid volume and calorie supply for 1.5ml/1kal Six calories The normal newborn required for 110kal/kg.d calories, which is used as the basis for the metabolism of 50kal/kg.d. In the process of TPN implementation, non protein calorie of 70kal/kg.d can make the weight growth, while in the non protein calorie, fat should not exceed 60%. Calorie supply ratio: 20% 35~50% protein carbohydrate fat 40~50% Seven. Parenteral nutrition 1, carbohydrates: general use of glucose, peripheral vein infusion of glucose concentration in preterm infants should be 10%, full-term infants less than 12.5%. The starting point for 8mg/kg.min sugar speed in full-term infants, preterm infants 6mg/kg.min, increasing to 12mg/kg.min, should maintain blood glucose 7mmol/L t