超导磁悬浮飞轮储能系统的的分析研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 飞轮储能是一种优越的新型储能技术。目前，飞轮储能技术的应用领域已十分广 泛，在 UPS 、电力系统、混合动力机车等领域中均获得了成功的应用。 该系统主要包括储存能量的飞轮、支撑飞轮的轴承、进行机电能量转换的电动/ 发电机和电能转换控制系统。普通的飞轮储能系统由于机械轴承的摩擦，难以实现高 效、长时间储能，利用超导体则可以实现低损耗磁悬浮飞轮储能。 作为超导磁悬浮飞轮储能系统的初步研究，本文的主要任务是对飞轮储能系统的 关键组件——飞轮转子和超导磁悬浮轴承进行研究。为进一步的研究奠定了基础，提 供了方向和建议。 本文首先对飞轮转子进行数值和解析研究，并且对其结构和材料组合进行优化。 论文以平面应力假设为前提，对单层结构的飞轮转子进行理论分析，并绘制了飞轮径 向应力、环向应力沿半径的分布曲线图。为了降低飞轮转子的制造成本，提高飞轮转 子的储能和材料利用率，本文以最大化储能为目标函数，对飞轮转子的结构进行优化 设计，并获得各种材料飞轮转子的最优内径和外径尺寸。 而后论文研究了超导磁悬浮轴承，文中首先介绍了超导磁悬浮轴承的工作原理。 然后借助于 Bean 模型分析了悬浮力曲线的磁滞特性，并在此基础上进一步分析了超 导块材大小与厚度对悬浮力的影响以及超导磁悬浮轴承的一些特性。 文章最后给出了整个飞轮储能系统电气部分和机械部分的结构和参数，为以后的 设计提供参考。 关键词：飞轮储能，飞轮转子，超导磁悬浮轴承，高温超导块材，悬浮力 I ABSTRACT Flywheel energy storage (FES) is a superior type of late-model energy storage technology. At present, FES technology already in domains and so in many fields such as uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems, electrical power systems, hybrid electric vehicles has obtained the successful application. Flywheel energy storage system (FESS) is composed of four parts: the flywheel that stores energy, the bearing that supports the flywheel, the DC motor/generator and the control system of AC power converter. Due to the friction existing in mechanical bearing, it is difficult to store energy effectively for a long time, but it is easy for a flywheel levitated by superconducting magnetic bearing. As the basic study of superconducting flywheel energy storage system, this thesis is mainly engaged in researches on －flywheel rotor and high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnetic bearing, the key components in FESS, establishes the foundation for the further research. In the first pat of this thesis, the numerical and analytical studies for flywheel rotor have been made, and th