论霍布斯对英国普通法地影响.pdfVIP

摘 要 霍布斯以其发现的类似自然科学方法的新方法，坚定地阐述了政治学的诸多 理论。在晚年，他将研究的视角转向了英格兰普通法，并以批判英格兰普通法的 《一位哲学家与英格兰法学家的对话》作为他政治学的收官之作。文章试图阐述 的是历史悠久的普通法是如何化解来自霍布斯的这次冲击的。 第一章通过介绍普通法制度的历史基础以及著名普通法法学家爱德华·柯克 爵士的普通法理论，展现普通法所具有的独特精神；第二章从霍布斯的相关政治 理论入手，展现其完全不同于普通法的思维方式；第三章以霍布斯的著作《一位 哲学家与英格兰法学家的对话》这本书为切入点，展现霍布斯是基于何种理由批 判普通法的，以及对普通法提出了哪些改进意见；最后一章从近代普通法的转型 功臣—威廉·布莱克斯通的普通法观念入手，展现普通法是如何吸收霍布斯的思 想，从而不留痕迹地化解这次冲击的。 关键词：霍布斯；普通法；柯克；布莱克斯通 II Abstract Hobbes elaborated many political theories with his new resolutive-composotive method.In his later years,he focused on the Common Law of England,and entitled his last political book A Dialogue Between A Philosopher And A Student of The Common Laws of England.This article attempts to show how the Common Law resolved the crisis from Hobbes,and how it absorded Hobbes’s theories. Chapter one introduced the historical basis of England Common Law firstly,and then described some characters of the Common Law from the English jurist Sir Edward Coke’s perspective;Chapter two elaborated some political theories from Thomos Hobbes,and show the different thinking ways between Hobbes and the Common Law;Through detailed analysis of A Dialogue Between A Philosopher And A Student of The Common Laws of England, Chapter three showed what points Hobbes is basesd on to criticize the Commom Law,and those improvements he suggested;Though Sir William Blackstone’s theories,the last chapter showed how the Common Law absorbed Hobbes’s impact. Key Word: Hobbes; the Common Law; Coke; Blackstone III 目 录 独创性声明I 摘 要II AbstractIII 引 言1 第一章 英国普通法制度介绍2 一、英国普通法的历史基础2 （一）盎格鲁－撒