a quadruple mutant of arabidopsis reveals a β-carotene hydroxylation activity for lut1cyp97c1 and a regulatory role of xanthophylls on determination of the psipsii ratio四突变体拟南芥的揭示了一个β-carotene lut1cyp97c1和监管作用的羟基化活动叶黄素psipsii比率的决心.pdfVIP

Fiore et al. BMC Plant Biology 2012, 12:50 /1471-2229/12/50 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access A quadruple mutant of Arabidopsis reveals a b-carotene hydroxylation activity for LUT1/ CYP97C1 and a regulatory role of xanthophylls on determination of the PSI/PSII ratio 1† 2† 2 1 1 2,3,4* Alessia Fiore , Luca Dall’Osto , Stefano Cazzaniga , Gianfranco Diretto , Giovanni Giuliano and Roberto Bassi Abstract Background: Xanthophylls are oxygenated carotenoids playing an essential role as structural components of the photosynthetic apparatus. Xanthophylls contribute to the assembly and stability of light-harvesting complex, to light absorbance and to photoprotection. The first step in xanthophyll biosynthesis from a- and b-carotene is the hydroxylation of ε- and b-rings, performed by both non-heme iron oxygenases (CHY1, CHY2) and P450 cytochromes (LUT1/CYP97C1, LUT5/CYP97A3). The Arabidopsis triple chy1chy2lut5 mutant is almost completely depleted in b-xanthophylls. Results: Here we report on the quadruple chy1chy2lut2lut5 mutant, additionally carrying the lut2 mutation (affecting lycopene ε-cyclase). This genotype lacks lutein and yet it shows a compensatory increase in b- xanthophylls with respect to chy1chy2lut5 mutant. Mutant plants show an even stronger photosensitivity than chy1chy2lut5, a complete lack of qE, the rapidly reversible component of non-photochemical quenching, and a peculiar organization of the pigment binding complexes into thylakoids. Biochemical analysis reveals that the chy1chy2lut2lut5 mutant is depleted in Lhcb subunits and is specifically affected in Photosystem I function, showing a deficiency in PSI-LHCI supercomplexes. Moreover, by analyzing a series of sin