生理学考试（Physiological examination）.docVIP

生理学考试（Physiological examination） First, the noun explanation 1.: the organism and environment continue to The new supersedes the old. for material and energy exchange, intake of nutrients to the synthesis of their own material, and constantly breaks down its own aging and degradation of substances, and its decomposition products from in vitro self-renewal process known as The new supersedes the old. 2. excitability: the ability or characteristic of excitable cells to produce action potentials, called excitability. 3., the internal environment: the direct living environment of various tissues and cells in the body is called internal environment. 4. biorhythm: all function activities within the organism in chronological order must change, if this change can occur at a certain time of the cycle, called rhythm changes, and changes the rhythm called circadian rhythm. 5. nerve regulation: many physiological functions in the body are regulated by the activities of the nervous system, called neuromodulation. Reflex is the basic mode of neuromodulation. 6. negative feedback: in a closed loop control system, feedback from the controlled part suppresses the activity of the control part and reduces its activity. This feedback is called negative feedback. 7. energy metabolism: refers to the process of metabolism, transfer, storage and utilization of energy that accompanies the metabolism of substances in the organism. 8. food calories: 1g the energy released by certain foods when they are oxidized (or burned out) in the body. 9. the oxygen heat of food: the amount of heat produced by 1 liters of oxygen when a nutrient is oxidized in the body. 10. respiratory quotient: the ratio of CO2 production to O2 consumption in a given period of time (CO2/O2). 11. the special dynamic effect of food: the extra increase in calories produced by the body during the period after eating. 12. basal metabolic rate: basal metabolism per m2 body surface per unit time. 13. ESR: the rate at which red b