西医综合内科 二（Comprehensive medicine of Western medicine two）.docVIP

西医综合内科 二（Comprehensive medicine of Western medicine two） (three) respiratory diseases 1. chronic bronchitis: clinical recurrent cough, expectoration, gasp characteristic. Acute exacerbation is often scattered in the wet and dry rales, wheezing type may have wheezing and prolonged expiration. They were divided into acute attack stage, chronic delay stage and clinical remission stage. According to cough and sputum wheezing, the annual incidence continued for 3 months, for 2 consecutive years or more, the exclusion of other diseases of the heart and lungs can make the diagnosis. The treatment of acute infection, accompanied by wheezing, relieving spasm and relieving asthma, relieving stage should strengthen exercise, improve the body resistance, and prevent recurrence. 2.: the pathogenesis of emphysema can be caused by various factors: chronic bronchitis caused by chronic inflammation of bronchial emphysema: caused by tube wall damage, stenosis, shortness of breath, alveolar pressure, chronic inflammation caused by cell expansion; the release of proteolytic enzymes, lung damage, alveolar fusion; lack of alpha antitrypsin (1- can cause panlobular emphysema). To master the pathophysiology, clinical manifestation and treatment of emphysema. The main complications are the spontaneous pneumothorax, sudden worsening dyspnea, cyanosis, chest pain, a percussion drum sound; the acute lung infection; the chronic pulmonary heart disease. 3., pulmonary heart disease: grasp the pathogenesis, and once again understand the clinical manifestations. Complications such as pulmonary encephalopathy, acid-base imbalance, electrolyte disturbance, arrhythmia, shock, gastrointestinal bleeding and DIC can be found. The treatment is mainly to treat the lung and cure the heart. The clinical manifestations of bronchial asthma in 4. for seizures associated with wheeze expiratory dyspnea or paroxysmal chest pain and cough, severe forced to take seats or were orthopnea, cough a lot of white foam spu