不同覆盖方式对冬种马铃薯生长特性及产量与品质的影响.PDFVIP

中国农学通报 2013,29(15): 117-122 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 不同覆盖方式对冬种马铃薯生长特性及产量与品质的影响 王正荣 （福州市农业科学研究所，福州350018） 摘 要：为了提高马铃薯产量和品质，以马铃薯品种‘荷兰7 号’为材料，采用以塑料薄膜和稻草为覆盖物 的方法，探讨冬种马铃薯覆盖栽培的生产效应。结果表明，不同覆盖方式均能提早马铃薯出苗5 天以 上，缩短生育期8~22 天，促进茎叶生长，提高结薯数，增加薯块大薯重量，提高薯块产量29.04%~ 67.68% 。不同覆盖方式栽培的产量高低依次为：草+ 白膜，黑膜，草+ 土，草+ 黑膜，白膜，盖草，裸地 (CK)。不同覆盖栽培方式对马铃薯块茎的干物质含量、还原糖含量、淀粉含量、商品薯率等有较大影 响，可在一定程度上提高薯块品质。不同栽培方式各有特点，因此各地应根据生产条件采用相应的栽培 方式，以获得较高的产量和效益。 关键词：冬种马铃薯；覆盖方式；产量；生长特性 中图分类号：S532 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2012-3026 Effects of Different Cultivation Models on Characteristics of Growth, Yield and Quality for Winter-planting Potato Wang Zhengrong (FuzhouInstituteofAgriculturalSciences, Fuzhou 350018) Abstract: In the experiment, potato variety ‘Netherlands No.7 ’was used to study the difference in the characteristics of growth and development, yield and quality of winter-planting potato of the variety in seven cultivation models. The results showed that compared with the control, these models with covering could make potato emergence earlier more than 5 days, the growth period shortened by 8 days to 22 days, leaf growth promoted, the tuber number and yield improved by 29.04% to 67.68% . As far as yield was concerned, the tillage with straw covering and plastic film mulching was the best, then followed by the black plastic mulching, the tillage with straw covering and soil covering, the tillage with straw covering and black plastic film mulching, plastic film mulching, straw covering. Moreover, all treatments had significant influence on the dry matter of tuber, reducing sugar, the content of