comparison of urea determination in biological samples by enfets based on ph and pnh4 detection比较生物样本的尿素测定enfets基于ph值和pnh4检测.pdfVIP

Sensors 2003, 3, 160-165 sensors ISSN 1424-8220 © 2003 by MDPI /sensors Comparison of Urea Determination in Biological Samples by Enfets Based on pH and pNH4 Detection Dorota G. Pijanowska*, Marek Dawgul and Wladyslaw Torbicz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland. Tel: +48 22 6599143 ext. 141. Fax: +48 22 6597030. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: depijano@ibib.waw.pl Received: 16 April 2003 / Accepted: 16 June 2003 / Published: 29 June 2003 Abstract: In this paper, urea biosensors based on detection of pH and ammonium ions are presented. As transducers pH-sensitive ion-selective field effect transistors (ISFETs) and chemically modified FETs (ChemFETs) sensitive to ammonium ions were used. Results concerning urea determination by the biosensors in blood plasma and in dialysate show that the biosensors can be applied for urea monitoring in the effluent dialysate. However in the case of pNH4 based EnFETs a special pre-treatment (dilution with tris/HCl buffer) of the samples is necessary. Keywords: Urea detection, biosensors, EnFET, enzyme immobilization. Introduction The toxic substances removed by a dialysis are mostly small molecules. Since urea concentration is directly related to dietary proteins intake and distributes rapidly over body fluid once formed, the National Cooperative Dialysis Study Group suggested using of urea