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conceptualising population health from mechanistic thinking to complexity science即可形成人口健康从机械复杂性科学的思考
Jayasinghe Emerging Themes in Epidemiology 2011, 8:2 EMERGING THEMES
/content/8/1/2
IN EPIDEMIOLOGY
ANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE Open Access
Conceptualising population health: from
mechanistic thinking to complexity science
Saroj Jayasinghe
Abstract
The mechanistic interpretation of reality can be traced to the influential work by René Descartes and Sir Isaac
Newton. Their theories were able to accurately predict most physical phenomena relating to motion, optics and
gravity. This paradigm had at least three principles and approaches: reductionism, linearity and hierarchy. These
ideas appear to have influenced social scientists and the discourse on population health. In contrast, Complexity
Science takes a more holistic view of systems. It views natural systems as being ‘open’, with fuzzy borders,
constantly adapting to cope with pressures from the environment. These are called Complex Adaptive Systems
(CAS). The sub-systems within it lack stable hierarchies, and the roles of agency keep changing. The interactions
with the environment and among sub-systems are non-linear interactions and lead to self-organisation and
emergent properties. Theoretical frameworks such as epi+demos+cracy and the ecosocial approach to health have
implicitly used some of these concepts of interacting dynamic sub-systems. Using Complexity Science we can view
population health outcomes as an emergent property of CAS, which has numerous dynamic non-linear interactions
among its interconnected sub-systems or agents. In order to appreciate these sub-systems and determinants, one
should acquire a basic knowledge of diverse disciplines and interact with experts from different disciplines.
Strategies to improve health
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