are adult crambid snout moths (crambinae) and larval stages of lepidoptera suitable tools for an environmental monitoring of transgenic crops — implications of a field test是成人crambid鼻子飞蛾(crambinae)和鳞翅目幼虫阶段合适工具的环境监测转基因作物u2014u2014现场试验的影响.pdfVIP

Insects 2011, 2, 400-411; doi:10.3390/insects2030400 OPEN ACCESS insects ISSN 2075-4450 /journal/insects/ Article Are Adult Crambid Snout Moths (Crambinae) and Larval Stages of Lepidoptera Suitable Tools for an Environmental Monitoring of Transgenic Crops? — Implications of a Field Test Andreas Lang 1,*, Matthias Dolek 2, Bernhard Theißen 3 and Andreas Zapp 2 1 Institute of Environmental Geosciences, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 30, Basel CH-4056, Switzerland 2 Büro Geyer Dolek, Obere Dorfstr. 16, Wörthsee D-82237, Germany; E-Mails: Matthias.Dolek@Geyer-und-Dolek.de (M.D.); a.zapp@ (A.Z.) 3 gaiac – Research Institute for Ecosystem Analysis and Assessment e.V., RWTH Aachen University, c/o Institute of Environmental Research - Biology V, Worringerweg 1, Aachen D-52056, Germany; E-Mail: theissen@gaiac.rwth-aachen.de * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: andreas.lang@unibas.ch; Tel.: +41-61-267-0480; Fax: +41-61-267-0479. Received: 2 July 2011; in revised form: 25 July 2011 / Accepted: 3 August 2011 / Published: 10 August 2011 Abstract: Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) have been suggested for the environmental monitoring of genetically modified (GM) crops due to their suitability as ecological indicators, and because of the possible adverse impact of the cultivation of current transgenic crops. The German Association of Engineers (VDI) has developed guidelines for the standardized monitoring of Lepidoptera describing the use of light tr